You are driving, and all of a sudden you notice that the car’s speedometer doesn’t work. That is followed by the turned-on check engine light and strange transmission behavior. The first thing to do is to check the car with the OBD-II code reader. After a check, the P0500 code pops out. What does it mean?
When a P0500 code comes up on the OBD-II scanner it comes with the message “Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Malfunction”. A VSS is a sensor that monitors the speed of the vehicle. It sends information to the powertrain control module (PCM) and the engine control module (ECM). With that information, the automatic transmission can shift gears at the right time.
We do not recommend driving with this error. It can cause problems with the transmission, and you will not have information about the vehicle’s speed. In this article, we will cover the diagnostic of this error so you don’t need to waste too much time on it. We will also recommend the best ways to resolve this issue, so stay with us.
Understanding the P0500 Code: What Does It Mean?
A P0500 error code is used to identify a problem with the vehicle speed sensor. A cause for this error can be the sensor itself, faulty wiring, or a problem with connectors. On rare occasions the problem is caused by a faulty speedometer or an ECU needs to be reprogrammed due to new tires.
Anatomy of OBD-II Fault Codes
The OBD-II diagnostic system is designed to simplify the detection and diagnosis of all sorts of mechanical and electrical issues in the vehicle. Every vehicle sold in the U.S. after 1996 uses this system.
OBD-II error codes are categorized so it is easier to navigate through them. They all start with a letter, which shows what system in the car is affected:
- U – Network communication
- P – Powertrain
- C – Chassis
- B – Body.
The first digit shows is the error code standardized (0) or it is a manufacturer-specified code (1). The second digit points to a system that is affected, and the third and fourth digits point to a specific error code.
With this diagnostic system, every owner and driver of a car can scan its vehicle from time to time, and check for errors. That way they can prevent the further development of an issue, and resolve it at its start.
P0500 Code Specifics: Vehicle Speed Sensor Malfunction
A P0500 code suggests a problem with the vehicle’s speed sensor (VSS). The VSS is usually placed on the transmission housing. In some vehicles, it is located inside the wheel well or attached to the speedometer.
A reluctor ring located on the transmission shaft passes over the tip of the VSS every time it rotates. This movement is defined as an interruption to the sensor circuit. These interruptions are then translated by the sensor into vehicle speed. The sensors send that information to the ECM, PCM, and the speedometer.
When a code scanner reads a P0500 diagnostic trouble code that means that VSS or its wiring harness is damaged. The cause for a P0500 can also be a problem in communication between the VSS and the modules that are monitoring its work. In rare situations, the trigger for this code is a broken speedometer.
Sneaky Causes of the P0500 Code
If none of the expected causes is to blame for the P0500 error, then these are the possible culprits:
- The ECU is not configured for the actual size of the car’s tires
- One or more drive gears are damaged
- The ECU is not working properly.
How Does the P0500 Code Affect Your Vehicle?
Symptoms of a P0500 Code Malfunction
The symptoms of error code P0500 are very easy to spot. The first thing that will show up is a turned-on check engine light. Next, the speedometer and/or odometer will not work properly, or at all. Then comes unusual gear shifting. When the transmission is not receiving proper information regarding the vehicle’s speed, it cannot shift gears properly.
Sometimes, these symptoms are followed with an ABS dash warning light. That means that the ABS is out of function.
Risks and Damage: Consequences of Ignoring a P0500 Code
A P0500 is considered to be a moderate error case. You will still be able to drive the car, but it will be followed by problems with shifting gears. If the ABS and ESP safety systems are also disabled, then you won’t have electronic assistance while driving in difficult conditions. If you are living in a climate with a lot of snow and rain, it is a big risk.
Besides those problems, you won’t have information about the car’s speed and RPMs, which can be annoying. If you don’t know at what speed you are driving, you may end up going over the speed limit and getting pulled over by the police.
How To Fix the P0500 Code: A Step-by-Step Guide
Diagnosing and fixing this error is not a difficult task for someone with some experience. A service manual can come in handy, so you can locate the sensor easily. Depending on the vehicle and your experience, you may need to replace the sensor or the wiring between half an hour and one hour.
Tools You’ll Need to Diagnose and Fix a P0500 Code
First, you will need an OBD-II scanner. With it, you can detect the error code. If you want to test the vehicle speed sensor you will also need a multimeter. With a multimeter, you can test the sensors wires, and do they deliver current to the sensor.
DIY P0500 Code Troubleshooting and Repair Instructions
- Use the OBD-II scanner to check for errors. Connect the scan tool to the ECU, and do a test of the vehicle. If any other error codes appear you will have to diagnose them too
- Delete all the errors and do a test drive of the vehicle. Sometimes there is a glitch in the system and it can result in displaying random errors. Once you test the vehicle you will know if the speedometer is working and if there are any other error codes
- If you changed tires, check the tire size of the new tires. In case there is a difference in dimensions between new and old tires, then you need to reprogram the ECU. The difference in sizes can confuse both the ECU and VSS
- Visually inspect the sensor. The sensor is usually located on the transmission housing. Check it for any visible damage. Also, take a look at the wirings and the connectors. A damaged or frayed sensor wire is a common issue. A loose or corroded electrical connection can also cause a P0500 error code
- Test the vehicle speed sensor with a multimeter. To do so, disconnect the sensor from the car. Then, set the multimer to measure the alternating current (AC). Plug the signal and ground wires to the sensor. Connect the black and red leads with clips to the exposed plugged wires. To simulate the turning of the wheels use a power drill. Attach to it a bit that fits the sensor gear that is inside the sensor. Hold the sensor with one hand, and slowly rotate the drill. Check the readout on the multimeter. If it is increasing with drill speed, then the sensor is okay. In any other case, the sensor is damaged and you will need to replace it.
If you diagnose a problem with the wiring, connectors, or sensor, then you can either fix them or contact a mechanic. You did the most important part – finding an issue.
Check Out P0500 Vehicle Speed Sensor Malfunction Mobile Mechanic Diagnostic:
When to Seek Professional Help for a P0500 Code
Although we encourage DIY mechanics, if you are not comfortable with doing this alone, do not hesitate to contact the mechanic.
Choosing a Reliable Mechanic for Your P0500 Code Issues
If you cannot address this issue alone, you will need to find a reliable mechanic. He must know how to properly handle electronic diagnostics and repair. That includes OBD and multimeter testing, and sensor and wiring replacement.
Cost of Professional P0500 Code Repair
Vehicle speed sensors cost between $50 and $200. The labor cost can rise to $110 to $150.
FAQs: Questions About the P0500 Code
What Can Trigger a P0500 Code?
A P0500 can be triggered by the faulty speed sensor or its wiring, or a broken speedometer. Also, problems with communication between the VSS and ECU can trigger this error. If none of the above is causing this issue, it is worth checking the ECU.
Can I Drive My Car with a P0500 Code?
Yes, you can drive your car with a P0500 code, but, we would not recommend it. This error code can also result in gear-shifting problems, and disabled ABS and ESP safety systems. The most annoying thing about this error is that you don’t know at what speed are you driving. That can be problematic with all the speed limits around.
How much is the cost to repair a P0500 code?
Repairing a P0500 code usually costs between $250 and $300. That includes new vehicle speed sensors and the cost of labor. If the problem is in its ECU, the cost depends on the problem. Replacing a broken speedometer costs between $130 and $300.
How Can I Prevent P0500 Code Issues in the Future?
Some problems are bound to happen, but you can do two things to prevent the error code P0500 from happening:
- Regular maintenance and inspection. Tell your mechanic to check the wiring and connectors from time to time. Faulty wirings and corroded connectors are a frequent cause for many module and sensor errors
- Reprogram the ECU when you change the tires. If there is a difference in tire dimension it is essential to reprogram the ECU. That way it will have new information about the tires, and calculate the speed properly.
How to Replace a 2002 Camry Transmission Speed Sensor with Code P0500?
- Wait for the car to cool down. Locate the sensor. It is on the top of the transmission housing. The sensor is secured with a 10mm bolt. To be able to reach it you may need to unplug the engine intake and the cover of the air filter
- Remove the bad vehicle speed sensor. Pull it straight up. If you have any problems, use a flat screwdriver to loosen it
- Get the new sensor. You can buy it online for around $150. Lubricate the rubber seals with oil
- Return the sensor. It is not a difficult task, and with a little wiggling, you should be able to install it. Do not forget to secure it with a 10mm bolt. Plug the connector to the sensor.
The process is not difficult, doesn’t require special tools, and can be done in about half an hour.
Need More Help with a P0500 Code?
Resolving a P0500 code is usually a straightforward process. The problem can be in the faulty sensor, damaged wiring, or loose connectors. After proper diagnosis, the problem is relatively easy and cheap to fix.
But, if the regular fixes don’t solve the problem, then you will need more detailed diagnostics. That includes testing of the ECU and the speedometer. This is an advanced level of electronic diagnostic and we recommend hiring a professional. In any case, do not drive with this error for a long time, and get it fixed as soon as possible.
